 Gabion embankment protection on coastline
 Gabions used for walkway protection
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Coastal engineering encompasses amongst other, the study of on and offshore currents, wave energies and their behaviour, the deposition and erosion of coastal zones, beachfront protection as well as the protection of underwater structures. As the population density along coastal zones intensifies, protection of beachfront property, small ports, marinas and service infrastructure (such as underwater outfall pipelines) also increases.
The recovery and protection of coastal zones and beaches necessitate versatile structures that are easily constructed and able to resist the constant dynamic forces resulting from wave action. Longitudinal structures in the form of gabions and mattresses are perfectly suited to these conditions.
Groynes are a series of structrues purpose built perpendicular to the beach to protect and recoup the eroded shore. These structures, anchored into the bank are constructed some distance into the sea, transversely to the current direction.
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